Salt lake · Russia · Iran · Turkmenistan · Azerbaijan · Kazakhstan
Caspian Sea
Largest landlocked salt lake, located between Europe and Asia
- Area
- 377,002km²
- Max depth
- 1,025m
- Average depth
- 200m
- Elevation
- -29m a.s.l.
- Shoreline
- 15,829km
- Volume
- 75,600km³
Caspian Sea is a salt lake in Russia. It covers 377,002 km². On average it is 200 m deep, and 1,025 m at its deepest point. Its surface lies 29 m below sea level.
Plan your visit
Stay, sail and get there
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The water
Water temperature
There is no reliable satellite record of the water temperature for this lake yet.
On the shore, afternoons reach 28 °C on average in August and 10 °C in February. The driest month is June (14 mm of rain), the wettest October (105 mm).
From above
The whole lake from space
Month by month
The year at the lake, month by month
Not a forecast: these are averages over many years. Water is the 2013–2021 average; air, rain, sun and wind are the 1991–2020 average.
Climate: 1991–2020 average
| Month | Water°C | Water high°C | Air high°C | Air low°C | Rainmm | Rainy daysdays | Sunh/day | Windkm/h |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | — | — | 11 | 9 | 62 | 11 | 3.5 | 18 |
| February | — | — | 10 | 8 | 58 | 10 | 4.1 | 19 |
| March | — | — | 11 | 10 | 53 | 10 | 5.4 | 18 |
| April | — | — | 14 | 12 | 44 | 8 | 6.5 | 16 |
| May | — | — | 19 | 17 | 17 | 6 | 9.5 | 14 |
| June | — | — | 24 | 22 | 14 | 3 | 11.0 | 16 |
| July | — | — | 26 | 25 | 21 | 3 | 9.9 | 16 |
| August | — | — | 28 | 26 | 31 | 4 | 9.9 | 17 |
| September | — | — | 25 | 24 | 70 | 8 | 8.4 | 18 |
| October | — | — | 21 | 20 | 105 | 10 | 6.0 | 18 |
| November | — | — | 16 | 15 | 105 | 12 | 4.1 | 19 |
| December | — | — | 13 | 11 | 70 | 11 | 3.3 | 19 |
Water: LakeTEMP (Landsat 8, 2013–2021). Air, rain, sun and wind: NASA POWER, 1991–2020 averages. A rainy day has at least 1 mm of rain. Sunshine hours are derived from measured solar radiation.
Size & depth
How big, how deep
- On average, water stays in the lake for about 295 years before flowing out.
- Its catchment drains 1,404,108 km² of land.
- About 8,111 m³ of water flow out every second, on average.
- Its shoreline is 7.3 times longer than a circle of the same area: plenty of bays and inlets.
Around the shore
What's around Caspian Sea
Counted within 1.5 km of the shoreline in OpenStreetMap, the map anyone can edit.
Towns on the shore
- Baku2,351,300 people
- Makhachkala596,356 people
- Sumgayit427,000 people
- Aktau147,443 people
- Bandar-e Anzalī118,564 people
- Derbent105,965 people
- Türkmenbaşy91,745 people
- Lankaran89,300 people
Nearest airport with scheduled flights: Ramsar Airport (RZR), 197 km in a straight line.
Car hire at GYD airport (Baku)Discover Cars · Affiliate linkOpenStreetMap is built by volunteers: when a number is low, it may just mean nobody has mapped it yet.
Recent years
How each month compared
Afternoon high on the shore. The first row is the reference, the 1991–2020 average in °C; the years below show the difference from it: warmer in orange, cooler in blue.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991–2020 average | 10.9 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 13.6 | 18.8 | 23.5 | 26.2 | 27.6 | 25.3 | 21.2 | 16.5 | 12.8 |
| 2020 | +0.4 | +1.4 | +0.6 | −0.3 | −0.4 | +0.1 | +0.3 | −1.9 | −0.3 | −0.4 | −0.7 | −1.8 |
| 2021 | +0.3 | +0.2 | −0.4 | +1.8 | +0.2 | +1.2 | +1.3 | +1.6 | +0.1 | −1.9 | −0.8 | +1.3 |
| 2022 | +1.6 | +1.7 | +0.1 | +1.5 | −1.5 | ±0.0 | −0.6 | +0.8 | +0.5 | +1.2 | +0.8 | −0.8 |
| 2023 | −1.5 | +0.2 | +1.5 | +1.5 | −0.1 | +0.2 | −0.1 | +0.6 | −0.3 | +0.6 | +3.7 | +3.0 |
| 2024 | +1.7 | +1.1 | +0.4 | +2.8 | +0.2 | +1.3 | +0.4 | −0.6 | +0.2 | −0.4 | ±0.0 | +0.2 |
| 2025 | +0.7 | −0.9 | +1.1 | +2.3 | −0.3 | −1.1 | −0.1 | +0.6 | −0.8 | +1.1 | +2.4 | +2.2 |
+1 warmer than usual −1 cooler than usual
Nearby
More lakes nearby
About these numbers
| Outline, area, depth, volume | HydroLAKES v1.0 (Messager et al. 2016) · CC BY 4.0 |
|---|---|
| Water temperature and ice | LakeTEMP v1 (Korver et al. 2024), Landsat 8 2013–2021 · CC BY 4.0 |
| Air, rain, sun, wind | NASA POWER, 1991–2020 · public domain |
| Names and description | Wikidata (Q5484) · CC0 |
| Around the shore | © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL |
| Images | EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless 2016 · CC BY 4.0; Wikimedia Commons |
Every figure is an average or a count from a public dataset. Licences and methods: data sources.
