Lake · Russia
Lake Onega
Freshwater lake in Russia, second largest in Europe
- Area
- 9,962km²
- Max depth
- 127m
- Average depth
- 26m
- Elevation
- 13m a.s.l.
- Shoreline
- 2,414km
- Volume
- 262km³
Lake Onega is a lake in Russia. It covers 9,962 km². On average it is 26 m deep, and 127 m at its deepest point. Its surface lies 13 m above sea level.
Plan your visit
Stay, sail and get there
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The water
How warm is Lake Onega?
The water is warmest in August, around 16 °C at the surface, and coldest in January, around 0 °C. Even at its warmest, the surface stays below 17 °C on average: this is cold water.
The lake usually freezes over for about 169 days a year, from around 11 November to 28 April.
On the shore, afternoons reach 21 °C on average in July and -10 °C in January. The driest month is February (40 mm of rain), the wettest August (121 mm).
Average surface temperature measured by the Landsat 8 satellite between 2013 and 2021 at the point furthest from the shore (84 readings). Shallow bays and beaches are often warmer.
From above
The whole lake from space
Month by month
The year at the lake, month by month
Not a forecast: these are averages over many years. Water is the 2013–2021 average; air, rain, sun and wind are the 1991–2020 average.
Water: 2013–2021 averageClimate: 1991–2020 average
| Month | Water°C | Water high°C | Air high°C | Air low°C | Rainmm | Rainy daysdays | Sunh/day | Windkm/h |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Ice | — | -10 | -16 | 48 | 13 | 0.7 | 14 |
| February | Ice | — | -8 | -15 | 40 | 11 | 2.5 | 15 |
| March | Ice | — | -2 | -8 | 45 | 12 | 5.5 | 16 |
| April | Ice | — | 5 | 1 | 50 | 12 | 7.5 | 18 |
| May | 3 | 6 | 14 | 8 | 79 | 14 | 8.3 | 18 |
| June | 11 | 15 | 18 | 13 | 102 | 16 | 8.6 | 17 |
| July | 16 | 17 | 21 | 17 | 109 | 20 | 8.0 | 16 |
| August | 16 | 17 | 19 | 15 | 121 | 18 | 6.3 | 17 |
| September | 14 | 15 | 13 | 10 | 77 | 14 | 3.7 | 18 |
| October | 8 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 74 | 14 | 1.1 | 17 |
| November | Ice | — | -2 | -6 | 66 | 14 | 0.0 | 15 |
| December | Ice | — | -7 | -12 | 58 | 15 | 0.1 | 15 |
Water: LakeTEMP (Landsat 8, 2013–2021). Air, rain, sun and wind: NASA POWER, 1991–2020 averages. A rainy day has at least 1 mm of rain. Sunshine hours are derived from measured solar radiation.
Size & depth
How big, how deep
- On average, water stays in the lake for about 13 years before flowing out.
- Its catchment drains 59,064 km² of land.
- About 617 m³ of water flow out every second, on average.
- Its shoreline is 6.8 times longer than a circle of the same area: plenty of bays and inlets.
Around the shore
What's around Lake Onega
Counted within 1.5 km of the shoreline in OpenStreetMap, the map anyone can edit.
Towns on the shore
- Petrozavodsk279,190 people
- Kondopoga34,360 people
- Podporozh’ye19,600 people
- Medvezh’yegorsk16,551 people
- Pindushi5,053 people
- Voznesen’ye2,673 people
- Povenets2,539 people
- Shun’ga1,600 people
Nearest airport with scheduled flights: Petrozavodsk Airport (PES), 111 km in a straight line.
OpenStreetMap is built by volunteers: when a number is low, it may just mean nobody has mapped it yet.
Recent years
How each month compared
Afternoon high on the shore. The first row is the reference, the 1991–2020 average in °C; the years below show the difference from it: warmer in orange, cooler in blue.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991–2020 average | -9.6 | -7.8 | -2.1 | 5.1 | 13.6 | 17.8 | 21.4 | 18.9 | 13.3 | 4.8 | -2.2 | -6.6 |
| 2020 | +7.1 | +6.0 | +3.3 | −1.9 | −3.2 | +2.2 | −2.0 | −1.1 | +0.7 | +2.7 | +2.7 | −0.3 |
| 2021 | −2.6 | −6.1 | −0.2 | +0.5 | ±0.0 | +4.9 | +2.2 | −0.3 | −3.3 | +1.6 | +1.4 | −4.6 |
| 2022 | +1.0 | +3.2 | −0.1 | −1.3 | −3.7 | +1.4 | +0.7 | +3.5 | −2.6 | +1.9 | −1.9 | −0.7 |
| 2023 | +3.0 | +1.5 | +0.9 | +1.2 | +0.4 | −0.4 | −2.6 | +2.0 | +3.2 | −1.1 | −2.9 | −3.0 |
| 2024 | −2.9 | +0.1 | +2.3 | −0.2 | −1.7 | +3.1 | +1.7 | +1.5 | +5.1 | +1.8 | +2.4 | +2.0 |
| 2025 | +5.4 | +0.8 | +3.0 | −0.6 | −0.2 | −0.4 | +1.8 | −0.2 | +2.4 | +1.1 | +2.3 | +3.1 |
+1 warmer than usual −1 cooler than usual
About these numbers
| Outline, area, depth, volume | HydroLAKES v1.0 (Messager et al. 2016) · CC BY 4.0 |
|---|---|
| Water temperature and ice | LakeTEMP v1 (Korver et al. 2024), Landsat 8 2013–2021 · CC BY 4.0 |
| Air, rain, sun, wind | NASA POWER, 1991–2020 · public domain |
| Names and description | Wikidata (Q166162) · CC0 |
| Around the shore | © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL |
| Images | EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless 2016 · CC BY 4.0; Wikimedia Commons |
Every figure is an average or a count from a public dataset. Licences and methods: data sources.
